Sanitization is the process of thoroughly removing or wiping all data from devices before disposal or donation to prevent sensitive information from being recovered or leaked.
Reference:
CompTIA Security+ SY0-701 Official Study Guide, Domain 4.4: "Sanitization is used to ensure data cannot be recovered from donated or decommissioned equipment." Exam Objectives 4.4: "Summarize business continuity and disaster recovery concepts."

Risk appetite refers to the level of risk that an organization is willing to accept in order to achieve its objectives. In this scenario, the security engineer is concerned that the timeframe for implementing a new application does not allow for sufficient cybersecurity due diligence. This reflects a situation where the organization's risk appetite might be too high if it proceeds without the necessary security checks.
References = CompTIA Security+ SY0-701 study materials, particularly in the domain of risk management and understanding organizational risk appetite.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
End-of-life (EOL) systems no longer receive security patches, vendor support, or vulnerability updates.
Because of this, they are highly susceptible to exploitation, especially if attackers can reach them over a network. When the system is business-critical and cannot be decommissioned, the most effective strategy is isolation, also known as network segmentation, air-gapping, or restrictive network zoning. Isolation removes direct exposure to external and internal threats by limiting communication paths to only essential systems and users.
According to the Security+ SY0-701 guidance, isolating legacy systems helps reduce the attack surface when patching is no longer possible. Monitoring (A) is useful for detection but does not prevent exploitation.
Decommissioning (C) would be ideal but is not possible for business-critical systems, as stated in the question. Encryption (D) protects data confidentiality but does not stop an attacker from exploiting vulnerabilities in an unpatched OS or application.
Isolation is a recommended compensating control for legacy and unsupported systems in SY0-701's Security Architecture & Resilience domain, which emphasizes micro-segmentation, firewalls, and restricted access to minimize risk when systems cannot be replaced or patched.

A bug bounty is a program that rewards security researchers for finding and reporting vulnerabilities in an application or system. Bug bounties are often used by companies to improve their security posture and incentivize ethical hacking. A bug bounty program typically defines the scope, rules, and compensation for the researchers. References = CompTIA Security+ Study Guide with over 500 Practice Test Questions: Exam SY0-701, 9th Edition, Chapter 1, page 10. CompTIA Security+ (SY0-701) Certification Exam Objectives, Domain 1.1, page 2.

Multifactor authentication (MFA) requires users to provide two or more of the following categories:
Something you know (password/PIN)
Something you have (token/smart card)
Something you are (biometrics)
Authentication tokens (A) qualify as something you have, such as hardware tokens, OTP apps, or smart cards.
Biometrics (C) qualify as something you are, such as fingerprint scans, facial recognition, or iris scans. Using these two together easily establishes MFA.
Least privilege (B) is an authorization principle, not an MFA factor. LDAP (D) is a directory service protocol, not an MFA mechanism. Password vaulting (E) assists with credential storage but does not implement MFA.
SAML (F) is a federation protocol used for Single Sign-On (SSO), not inherently MFA.
Thus, the correct MFA components are A: Authentication tokens and C: Biometrics.