As the Lead Assessor, you determine that some details, like wireless entry points, are not included in the assessment scope. However, the OSC Assessment Official claims that this is covered in the network enclave. Examining their enclave architecture, you determine it is not covered, but the OSC Assessment Official insists. What should you do?
Correct Answer: A
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation: The CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) requires the Lead Assessor to validate the scope and resolve disagreements with the OSC before proceeding to Phase 2. This collaborative approach ensures accuracy without escalating (Options B, D) or compromising integrity (Option C). A is the mandated step per the CAP. Reference: CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) v1.0, Section 2.2 (Scope Validation), p. 9: "Disagreements must be resolved before the assessment begins."
CMMC-CCA Exam Question 87
A CCA is reviewing an OSC's evidence for a CMMC practice and finds that the documentation is in draft form, marked "For Internal Use Only," and lacks final approval. The OSC insists it is actively used. How should the CCA evaluate this evidence?
Correct Answer: B
Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation: The CAP requires noting deficiencies like lack of approval as gaps while assessing all evidence (Option B). Options A, C, and D misapply CAP procedures. Extract from Official Document (CAP v1.0): * Section 2.2 - Conduct Assessment (pg. 25):"Document lack of final approval as an evidence gap and assess based on all available evidence." References: CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) v1.0, Section 2.2.
CMMC-CCA Exam Question 88
An OSC allows some employees to use their personal devices (laptops, tablets) for work purposes. The OSC enforces a Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) policy that requires employees to install Mobile Device Management (MDM) software on their devices. The MDM allows for remotewiping of lost or stolen devices and enforces access control policies. Employees use VPNs to remotely access the OSC network from their personal devices. What challenges might a CCA face when collecting evidence to assess the OSC's compliance with AC.L2-3.1.12 - Control Remote Access?
Correct Answer: C
Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation: AC.L2-3.1.12 requires OSCs to monitor and control remote access sessions, per NIST SP 800-171 and CMMC Level 2. In a BYOD environment with MDM and VPNs, the CCA must verify the effectiveness of these controls. However, the personal nature of employee devices introduces privacy concerns, limiting the CCA's ability to directly inspect configurations or logs without consent or legal constraints, as noted in the CAP. This complicates evidence collection compared to company-owned devices. Option A (simplified evidence collection) overlooks privacy barriers. Option B (VPN security) assumes effectiveness without addressing verification challenges. Option D (employee attestation) is insufficient per CAP, which requires objective evidence. Option C correctly identifies privacy as a key challenge, making it the correct answer. Reference Extract: * CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) v1.0, Section 4.2:"BYOD environments may limit evidence collection due to privacy concerns associated with personal devices." * NIST SP 800-171A, AC-3.1.12:"Assessors must verify control of remote access sessions, which may be hindered by device ownership."Resources:https://cyberab.org/Portals/0/Documents/Process-Documents /CMMC-Assessment-Process-CAP-v1.0.pdf;https://csrc.nist.gov/pubs/sp/800/171/a/final
CMMC-CCA Exam Question 89
When assessing a contractor's implementation of CMMC practices, you examine its System Security Plan (SSP) to identify its documented measures for audit reduction and reporting. They have a dedicated section in their SSP addressing the Audit and Accountability requirements. You proceed to interview their information security personnel, who informed you that the contractor has a dedicated Security Operations Center (SOC) and uses Splunk to reduce and report audit logs. What key features regarding the deployment of Splunk for AU.L2-3.3.6 - Reduction & Reporting would you be interested in assessing?
Correct Answer: C
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation: CMMC practice AU.L2-3.3.6 - Reduction & Reporting requires organizations to "provide audit reduction and report generation capabilities to support after-the-fact investigations without altering original records." The objectives are: [a] reducing audit records by filtering non-essential data, and [b] generating reports for analysis. Splunk, a SIEM tool, is deployed, and the assessor must evaluate its alignment with these goals. * Option C: Filter rules for reduction and analysis/reporting processes- This directly addresses the practice's core requirements: reducing logs (e.g., filtering noise) and generating meaningful reports (e. g., anomaly detection, summaries). These features ensure Splunk meets AU.L2-3.3.6's intent, making it the key focus. * Option A: RBAC for access restriction- Relevant to AU.L2-3.3.8 (Audit Protection), not reduction /reporting; it's a security control, not a capability of this practice. * Option B: Retention time- Pertains to AU.L2-3.3.2 (Audit Retention), not reduction/reporting functionality. * Option D: Compliance dashboards- Useful but not required by AU.L2-3.3.6; the focus is on reduction and reporting, not real-time compliance visibility. Why C?The CMMC guide specifies assessing tools for reduction (filtering) and reporting (analysis/report generation), and Splunk's effectiveness hinges on these features, per the scenario's SOC context. Extract from Official CMMC Documentation: * CMMC Assessment Guide Level 2 (v2.0), AU.L2-3.3.6: "Examine tools for capabilities to [a] reduce audit records by filtering non-essential data, and [b] generate reports identifying anomalies and summarizing data." * NIST SP 800-171A, 3.3.6: "Assess reduction and reporting functions, such as filtering and customized report generation." Resources: * https://dodcio.defense.gov/Portals/0/Documents/CMMC/AG_Level2_MasterV2. 0_FINAL_202112016_508.pdf
CMMC-CCA Exam Question 90
To transfer CUI between a government client and its internal systems, a defense contractor uses a Secure File- Sharing Application provided by the DoD. However, all data traversing this boundary must pass through a next-generation firewall (NGFW) managed by the contractor's Network Admin. All CUI is stored on a Solid State Drive (SSD) and accessed through a laptop. What type of asset is the Secure File-Sharing Application?
Correct Answer: A
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation: The Secure File-Sharing Application, provided and managed by the DoD, operates under the government's authorization boundary, not the contractor's. The CMMC Assessment Scope - Level 2 excludes assets owned and secured by the government from the OSC's scope, as they fall outside the contractor's control. While the contractor uses it to transfer CUI, their responsibility lies in securing their own systems (e.g., NGFW, SSD), not the DoD application. The SSP should document data flow to this application, but it is not assessed as part of the OSC's scope. Option B applies to contractor-managed CUI assets, Option C to security tools, and Option D to risk-managed assets-all inapplicable here. Reference: CMMC Assessment Scope - Level 2, Section 2.3.5 (Out-of-Scope Assets), p. 7: "Government-managed assets are out of scope."
