A development team at your company has created a dockerized HTTPS web application. You need to deploy the application on Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) and make sure that the application scales automatically. How should you deploy to GKE?

Your company processes high volumes of IoT data that are time-stamped. The total data volume can be several petabytes. The data needs to be written and changed at a high speed.
You want to use the most performant storage option for your data.
Which product should you use?

Your company has just recently activated Cloud Identity to manage users. The Google Cloud Organization has been configured as well. The security team needs to secure projects that will be part of the Organization. They want to prohibit IAM users outside the domain from gaining permissions from now on. What should they do?

Case Study: 13 - KnightMotives Automotive
Company Overview
KnightMotives is a car manufacturer specializing in autonomous, self-driving vehicles, including Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs), hybrids and traditional internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles. While KnightMotives has made strides with the in-vehicle experience in their BEV fleet, the hybrid and ICE vehicles have yet to implement these new systems and are viewed poorly by critics and drivers. The lack of modern in-vehicle technology in hybrid and ICE vehicles has resulted in declining sales and customer satisfaction.
KnightMotives wants to modernize the consumer experience across all vehicles within five years Artificial Intelligence offers a unique opportunity to revolutionize the in-vehicle experience, as well as the shopping buying and service/maintenance experience. Investment in this new technology will require a shift in financial priorities on a global scale.
KnightMotives also wants to improve their online ordering system, which is unreliable. Systems for customers to build their vehicle online for acquisition through a dealer are not delivering the data or reliability that dealers need, causing. A strain in the relationship between KnightMotives and dealers. Service technicians and sales staff need better tooling to enhance dealer successes, including built-to-order vehicles.
Solution Concept
KnightMotives wants to shift from manufacturing cars to creating a complete and compelling
"automotive experience." Then strategy prioritizes delivering a consistent experience across all models, developing AI-powered features, generating new revenue from data monetization, adopting a digital focus to differentiate their brand from competitors, and developing better tools for mechanics and salespeople.
Existing Technical Environment
KnightMotives's IT is largely on-premises with some applications on major cloud platforms. Their supply chain runs on an outdated mainframe, and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is also outdated, making new promotions and dealer discounts difficult to implement. Dealers have no budget for new equipment. There is fragmentation across vehicles with multiple code bases, and significant technical debt from supporting backwards compatibility. Network connectivity to manufacturing plants and vehicle connectivity in rural areas are challenges.
Business Requirements
Key business requirements include fostering a personalized relationship with the driver and delivering a cohesive experience across all models. Creating a better build-to-order model will reduce time on the lot and provide transparency for both dealers and customers. Additionally, KnightMotives seeks to monetize corporate data to finance new technology investments, as their current AI infrastructure is obsolete and corporate data remains siloed. Security is a paramount concern due to past data breaches Adherence to European Union (EU) data protection regulations, especially for emerging autonomous platforms, is critical.
KnightMotives plans to make significant investments in fully autonomous driving capabilities, with initial implementation targeting regions with favorable regulatory environments. Prioritizing employee upskilling, attracting top-tier talent, and fostering better communication between business and technical teams are also critical objectives.
Technical Requirements
- Modernizing the in-vehicle experience includes developing a consistent user experience (UX)
that seamlessly integrates AI-powered features across all models, updating in-vehicle hardware and software in legacy models to support new UX features and AI capabilities, and ensuring reliable network connectivity, especially in rural areas, to support real-time AI features and data transmission.
- Network upgrades are necessary to support increased data traffic and improve connectivity
between plants and headquarters.
- IT infrastructure modernization requires adopting a hybrid cloud strategy to leverage the
benefits of both on-premises and cloud infrastructure, and gradually modernizing or replacing legacy systems to improve efficiency and agility.
- Autonomous vehicle development and testing requires investing in cutting-edge AI and machine
learning technologies, building a robust simulation environment, and ensuring compliance with evolving regulations related to autonomous vehicles.
- Data monetization and insights requires implementing a robust data management platform,
strict data security and privacy measures, and a scalable AI/ML infrastructure.
- Increased focus on security and risk management involves implementing a comprehensive
security framework to protect against cyber threats and data breaches, developing an incident response plan, and providing security awareness training to employees.
- Providing a delightful experience for dealers and customers requires improving the online build-
to-order system; developing modern dealer tools to streamline dealer operations, including sales, service, and inventory management; and implementing a comprehensive Customer Relationship Management (CRM) system to track customer interactions personalize experiences, and improve customer satisfaction.
Executive Statement
KnightMotives is committed to enhancing safety and saving lives by leveraging an extensive body of data - encompassing driving, road conditions, behavioral studies, and crash safety statistics - to create compelling digital experiences for drivers. Our AI consistently outperforms national safety statistics, ensuring the unique and coveted KnightMotives experience is aligned across all our vehicle models.
Michael Knight, KnightMotives CEO
For this question, refer to the KnightMotives Automotive case study, KnightMotives has deployed their new Dealer Tools on Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE). You are supporting KnightMotives in the performance of the GKE workloads. Some of the Pods are Statefull. To ensure these Pods do not consume an unlimited amount of CPU, you have configured resource limits on the Deployments. You have identified that these Pods were allocated too much CPU and are actually consuming drastically less some of the time. You want to optimize resource usage and allow maximum flexibility in case of higher load. What should you do?

You work for a multinational company and are migrating an Oracle database to a multi-region Spanner cluster. You have to plan the migration activities and the DBAs have told you that the migration will be almost immediate because no non-standard ISO / IEC features or stored procedures are used. But you know that there is an element that will necessarily require some maintenance work. Which is this element?