A change in depreciation methods is reported as a change in accounting policy. A voluntary change in accounting policy is applied retrospectively unless it is impracticable. Retrospective application means adjusting the opening balances of equity for the first period presented and restating other comparative amounts.

Feedback, concurrent, and feed forward controls are not referenced in GTAG 1.

A Markov chain is a series of events in which the probability of an event depends on the immediately preceding event. An example is the game of blackjack in which the probability of certain cards being dealt is dependent upon what cards have already been dealt. In the analysis of bad debts, preceding events, such as collections, credit policy changes, and write offs, affect the probabilities of future losses.

Internal failure costs are incurred when detection of defective products occurs before shipment. Examples of internal failure costs are scrap, rework, tooling changes, and downtime.