The borrowing of funds for 180 days constitutes short-term borrowing. The new machine is a fixed asset. Current liabilities have increased, and current assets have remained constant. Consequently, the current ratio current assets + current liabilities) has decreased. Total debt and total assets increased by the same absolute amount, and the debt ratio total debt - total assets) should have increased. assuming total debt is less than total asset.

When the value of the asset underlying a call option is less than the exercise price of the option, the option is out-of-money.

TQM is a comprehensive approach to quality. It treats the pursuit of quality as a basic organizational function that is as important as production or marketing. Because TQM affects every aspect of the organization's activities, it is part of the organizational culture. Thus, the cumulative effect of TQM's continuous improvement process can attract and hold customers and cannot be duplicated by competitors.

Dividends paid may be treated as a cash outflow from financing activities because they are a cost of obtaining resources from owners. However, they may also be treated as operating items to help determine the entity's ability to pay dividends from operating cash flows.