(A) A child with a subdural hematoma has increased ICP. Crying may significantly increase this pressure. (B) Adequate sleep is essential, but it is important that the child can be aroused from sleep after head injury. (C) This child is free to roll from his back to his abdomen. (D) Thumb-sucking serves to reduce anxiety and should not be prevented at this time.

Explanation
(A) A common side effect of gentamicin is nephrotoxicity. The serum laboratory test that best reflects kidney function is serum creatinine. (B) Serum sodium has no relationship to gentamicin. (C) Serum calcium has no relationship to gentamicin. (D) Serum potassium has no relationship to gentamicin. If a client has impaired renal function secondary to gentamicin administration, he or she may also have hyperkalemia as a secondary disorder.

Explanation
(A) The teenager is already coping ineffectively and requires early detection and treatment, which is secondary prevention. (B) The client must be sent to a rehabilitation unit, which requires tertiary prevention. (C) Reducing the incidence of disease through education supports primary prevention. (D) A client with identified symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder requires intervention by treatment.

(A)
A thready pulse is indicative of hypotension and excessive blood loss and is often rapid.
(B)
Pulse irregularities or dysrhythmias do not occur in the normal postpartal woman. (C) Tachycardia occurs less frequently than bradycardia and is related to increased blood loss or prolonged difficult labor and/or birth. (D) Puerperal bradycardia with rates of 50-70 bpm commonly occurs during the first 6-10 days of the postpartal period. It may be related to decreased cardiac strain, decreased blood volume, contraction of the uterus, and increased stroke volume.

Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
(A) The term heterozygote refers to an individual with one normal and one mutant allele at a given locus on a pair of homologous chromosomes. An individual who is heterozygous for the abnormal gene does not manifest obvious symptoms. (B) Disorders carried on either the X or Y sex chromosome are referred to as sex-linked recessive. (C) Either sex may be affected by autosomal recessive genetic disorders because the responsible allele can be on any one of the 46 chromosomes. (D) If both parents are affected by the disorder and are not just carriers, then all their children would manifest the same disorder.