The nurse would be sure to instruct a client on the signs and symptoms of an eye infection and hemorrhage. These signs and symptoms would include:
Correct Answer: B
Explanation (A) Although blurred vision may occur, dizziness would not be associated with an infection or hemorrhage. (B) Eye pain is a symptom of hemorrhage within the eye, and itching is associated with infection. (C) Nausea and headache would not be usual symptoms of eye hemorrhage or infection. (D) Some eye discharge might be anticipated if an infection is present; hemoptysis would not.
NCLEX-RN Exam Question 607
Due to his prolonged history of alcohol abuse, an alcoholic client will most likely have deficiencies of which of the following nutrients?
Correct Answer: D
Explanation/Reference: Explanation: (A) Chronic alcoholism can lead to deficiencies of B complex vitamins including thiamine and pyroxidine. (B) Chronic alcoholism can lead to deficiencies of vitamins A, D, K, and B complex. (C) Chronic alcoholism can lead to deficiencies of vitamins A, D, K, and B complex. (D) Vitamins A, D, K, and B require bile salts to be absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. A damaged liver does not form bile salts.
NCLEX-RN Exam Question 608
A 66-year-old female client has smoked 2 packs of cigarettes per day for 20 years. Her arterial blood gases on room air are as follows: pH 7.35; PO2 70 mm Hg; PCO2 55 mm Hg; HCO3 32 mEq/L. These blood gases reflect:
Correct Answer: B
Section: Questions Set C Explanation: (A) In compensated metabolic acidosis, the pH level is normal, the PCO2 level is decreased, and the HCO3 level is decreased. The client's primary alteration is an inability to remove excess acid via the kidneys. The lungs compensate by hyperventilating and decreasing PCO2. (B) In compensated respiratory acidosis, the pH level is normal, the PCO2 level is elevated, and the HCO3 level is elevated. The client's primary alteration is an inability to remove CO2 from the lungs, so over time, the kidneys increase reabsorption of HCO3 to buffer the CO2. (C) In compensated respiratory alkalosis, the pH level is normal, the PCO2 level is decreased, and the HCO3level is decreased. The client's primary alteration is hyperventilation, which decreases PCO2. The client compensates by increasing the excretion of HCO3 from the body. (D) In uncompensated respiratory acidosis, the pH level is decreased, the PCO2 level is increased, and the HCO3 level is normal. The client's primary alteration is an inability to remove CO2 from the lungs. The kidneys have not compensated by increasing HCO3 reabsorption.
NCLEX-RN Exam Question 609
A 30-year-old client has a history of several recent traumatic experiences. She presents at the physician's office with a complaint of blindness. Physical exam and diagnostic testing reveal no organic cause. The nurse recognizes this as:
Correct Answer: D
Explanation/Reference: Explanation: (A) The client's blindness is real. Delusion is a false belief. (B) Illusion is the misrepresentation of a real, external sensory experience. (C) Hallucination is a false sensory perception involving any of the senses. (D) Conversion is the expression of intrapsychic conflict through sensory or motor manifestations.
NCLEX-RN Exam Question 610
The physician of an alcoholic client places him on a low-protein, high-carbohydrate diet. When choosing his menu, the client's best choice from the items below would be:
Correct Answer: C
Explanation (A, B, D) These foods are high in protein, which needs to be restricted. (C) Serum ammonia levels can be decreased by restricting dietary protein intake. Waffles, honey, and orange juice are high in carbohydrate and low or completely lacking in protein. Butter, a concentrated fat, will provide extra calories.
