Why should you be selective when granting the PROCESSprivilege to an account?

A MySQL database uses all InnoDB tables and is configured as follows;

You will be setting up a replication slave by using mysqldump. You will need a consistent backup taken from your running production server. The process should have minimal impact to active database connections.
Which two arguments will you pass to mysqldump to achieve this? (Choose two.)

On a master server that is using statement-based replication, a table of log data has become very large. You decide to delete 100.000 rows.
Which two methods can be independently invoked to ensure that the delete is properly propagated to the slave? (Choose two.)

You have issued this statement:
GRANT PROXY ON 'a' FOR 'b';
When user account 'b' issues a query, the query returns an access denied error.
What could have caused that error?

Consider these global status variables:

Which two conclusions can be made from the output?