Group Replication in MySQL InnoDB Cluster ensures automatic fault tolerance and failover, allowing the cluster to continue operating if one node fails by automatically promoting another node to take over as the primary server.

MySQL Enterprise Firewall builds a list of allowed SQL query patterns by learning from legitimate queries during the learning phase. It then uses this allowlist to block any queries that deviate from the recognized patterns.

INT is commonly used to store IPv4 addresses by converting them to a numeric format using functions like INET_ATON() for storage and INET_NTOA() for retrieval.

MySQL InnoDB Cluster resolves write conflicts by rolling back conflicting transactions to maintain data consistency across the cluster. This ensures that only valid changes are committed.

The MySQL privilege system is used to define and control user permissions to access, modify, or manage MySQL databases. It ensures that users have only the necessary privileges for their tasks, enhancing security.