This issue arises due to partial support for 5 GHz channels by some client devices. Although the infrastructure may use all 25 available 5 GHz channels in the U.S. (spanning UNII-1 through UNII-3 and DFS channels), many older 802.11n tablets and clients only support a subset of these channels-commonly the lower UNII-1 band (channels 36-48). As a result, even though the APs are operational and signal coverage is valid overall, the client may not see or associate with APs operating on unsupported 5 GHz channels such as channels 52-
64 or DFS channels (100-144).
This leads to inconsistent connectivity or lack of signal in areas where APs are broadcasting on unsupported channels. The CWDP-305 Study Guide advises taking client capability into account during design validation and includes best practices for mapping expected device support versus operational channel plans.
Reference: CWDP-305 Study Guide, Chapter on Post-Design ValidationandTroubleshooting
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In Europe, the 2.4 GHz band includes channels 1 through 13, whereas in North America, channels 12 and 13 are typically not used due to regulatory restrictions.If the AP in the hotel room is operating on channel 13, a laptop configured for North American standards may not detect or connect effectively to that channel, resulting in a low Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI).
The CWDP-305 Official Study and Reference Guide explains:
"Client devices configured for specific regulatory domains may not support all channels available in other regions. This can lead to connectivity issues when devices encounter channels that are not permitted in their configured domain." Therefore, the most likely cause of the low RSSI is the client's inability to properly connect to the AP operating on channel 13, leading it to associate with a more distant AP on a different channel, hence the weaker signal.
Reference: CWDP-305 Official Study and Reference Guide, Chapter on Post-Design ValidationandTroubleshooting

In the context of High-Level Design (HLD) documents within wireless network design, the primary audiences typically include operations teams, designers, and engineering personnel. These stakeholders are directly involved in the planning, implementation, and maintenance of the network infrastructure.
Executives, while important decision-makers, are not the primary audience for HLDs. Instead, they are more likely to engage with executive summaries or business case documents that highlight the strategic and financial implications of the network design, rather than the technical specifics detailed in HLDs.
Reference: CWDP-305 Official Study and Reference Guide, Chapter on Wireless Design Process

In Wi-Fi networks, the 802.11e amendment introduces Quality of Service (QoS) by defining Access Categories (ACs) to prioritize different types of traffic.The AC_VO (Voice) category is designated for voice traffic, which requires low latency and jitter.To maintain QoS across both wireless and wired networks, it's essential to map these categories to appropriate Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) values.
The AC_VO category corresponds to the Expedited Forwarding (EF) DSCP value, which is 46.This mapping ensures that voice traffic receives high priority treatment throughout the network, minimizing delays and ensuring call quality.
Reference: CWDP-305 Official Study and Reference Guide, Chapter on ProtocolandSpectrum Analysis

802.11 admission control mechanisms are employed to manage and regulate the bandwidth resources available in a WLAN.By controlling the admission of traffic into the network, these mechanisms ensure that high-priority traffic, such as voice or video, receives the necessary resources for optimal performance.
Admission control settings are configured separately for each Access Category (AC), allowing granular control over different types of traffic.
Reference: CWDP-305 Official Study and Reference Guide, Chapter on Wireless Design Process