Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:
Although all listed factors influence international operations,labor relations and works councilsare often the most immediate and critical barriers. They can:
* Influence how quickly new HR policies are adopted
* Delay restructuring or layoffs
* Affect cross-border employment standards and employee representation
In countries like Germany or France, works councils holdsignificant legal rightsregarding employment decisions. Poor handling canderail operationsand spark industrial conflict.
GPHR Study Guide Extract - Workforce Relations and Risk Management / International Labor Relations:
"In many countries, works councils and labor unions have statutory power in decision-making on employment issues. Failure to engage them properly can delay or block strategic initiatives." Understanding and navigating these systems is crucial foroperational success and legal compliance.