Section: Questions Set G
Explanation:
(A, B, D) Intermediate-acting and long-acting preparations contain materials that increase length of absorption time from the subcutaneous tissues but cause the preparation to be cloudy and unsuitable for IV use. Human insulin must be given SC. (C) Only regular insulin can be given IV.

Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
(A) Meperidine is a narcotic analgesic medication that crosses the placental barrier and reaches the fetus, causing respiratory depression in the fetus. A narcotic medication should never be included in the preoperative order for a cesarean delivery. (B) Oxytocin infusion would be discontinued if client is being prepared for a cesarean delivery because the medication would not be needed. (C) The bladder is always emptied prior to and during the surgical intervention to prevent the urinary bladder from accidentally being incised while the uterine incision is made. (D) The abdominal area is always prepared to rid the area of hair before the abdominal incision is made. Abdominal hair cannot be sterilized and could become a source for postoperative incisional infection.

Section: Questions Set C
Explanation:
(A) Extensions of his myocardial infarction would be chest pain unrelieved with nitroglycerin, cardiac enzyme elevations, and electrocardiographic changes. (B) Persons with pneumonia may complain of weakness and shortness of breath and have crackles in their lung bases. However, they would also have sputum production and leukocytosis. (C) Persons who have had myocardial infarctions (especially anterior wall) are at risk of developing left ventricular heart failure, which is a major cause of pulmonary edema. Pulmonary edema is manifest by shortness of breath, weakness, and crackles on auscultation of the lung fields. (D) Pulmonary emboli may be accompanied by shortness of breath, weakness, and crackles. However, the pulmonary hypertension that accompanies pulmonary emboli results in signs of increased systemic venous pressure as well.

Section: Questions Set D
Explanation
Explanation:
(A) Chorioamnionitis is an inflammation of the chorion and amnion that is generally associated with premature or prolonged rupture of membranes. (B) Postterm deliveries have not been shown to increase the risk of chorioamnionitis unless there has been prolonged rupture of membranes. (C) Pyelonephritis is a kidney infection that develops in 20%-40% of untreated maternal UTIs. (D) Maternal dehydration, though of great concern, is not related to chorioamnionitis.

(A)
Catheter site care is to be done at least twice daily to prevent pathogen growth at the catheter insertion site. (B) Catheter drainage bags are usually emptied every 8 hours to prevent urine stasis and pathogen growth. (C) Tubing and collection bags are not changed this often, because research studies have not demonstrated the efficacy of this practice.
(D)
Fluid intake needs to be in the 2000-2500 mL range if possible to help irrigate the bladder and prevent infection.