Multi-primary replication (or multi-master replication) allows updates to be made on multiple servers, and those updates are propagated to the other servers in the replication group.

The --encrypt option in MySQL Enterprise Backup is used to encrypt backup data, ensuring that sensitive data is protected during the backup process. Encryption is critical when storing backups in insecure environments or transmitting them over the network.

The default binary log format in MySQL is ROW. This format logs changes at the row level, meaning that individual changes to each row of a table are recorded. This approach provides more consistency and accuracy during replication, especially with complex queries.

The primary limitation of asynchronous replication is the potential for data loss. If the primary server crashes before the replicas have received the changes, those changes may be lost.

The GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON database_name.* statement gives the specified user all privileges on the selected database.