Providing clear definition of the processes and required activities facilitates the achievement of different capability levels in COBIT core model. Processes are structured sets of activities that produce outputs or outcomes for achieving specific objectives. Activities are specific tasks or actions that contribute to achieving a process outcome or objective. Processes and activities are defined by their inputs, outputs, roles, responsibilities, controls, etc. Providing clear definition of processes and activities helps to ensure that they are performed consistently, effectively, efficiently, and reliably, which leads to higher capability levels.12 References: COBIT 2019 Framework: Introduction and Methodology, COBIT 2019 Framework: Governance and Management Objectives

Explanation
The role of IT design factor describes how IT supports the enterprise strategy and objectives. Turnaround is a role of IT that is viewed as a driver for business process and service innovation, by enabling new ways of doing business, creating new sources of revenue, and enhancing customer satisfaction1, p. 29. References: 1:
COBIT 2019 Framework: Introduction and Methodology

Explanation
The number of focus areas describing a certain governance topic or issue that can be addressed by governance objectives is virtually unlimited. Focus areas are topics or issues that can be addressed by governance objectives, such as digital transformation, cybersecurity, privacy, etc. Focus areas can be defined by any stakeholder or group within or outside the enterprise, depending on their needs and interests. COBIT provides examples of some common focus areas, but they are not exhaustive or prescriptive.13 References: COBIT
2019 Framework: Introduction and Methodology, COBIT 2019 Design Guide: Designing an Information and Technology Governance Solution

After planning the implementation roadmap, the next step is to execute the plan. This involves taking the necessary steps to implement and actualize the governance plan. According to Isaca COBIT 2019, this includes tasks such as selecting a program manager, engaging stakeholders, selecting an implementation team, and initiating the program. Additionally, it is important to ensure that the program is properly monitored and that the progress is tracked.