In this scenario, the project manager should review the change management plan to discuss the potential early benefits realization with the client. This involves evaluating the impact of the change, considering the client's focus on the next milestone, and discussing how the early completion of a deliverable could bring value to the project without significantly affecting resources. The goal is to align the project's progress with the client's expectations and the project's objectives, ensuring that any changes are beneficial and agreed upon by all stakeholders.
References: The answer is based on the principles of engaging stakeholders and managing changes effectively as per the PMP and PMI-PBA guidelines1234.

Paired Work will improve quality, and the question is asking about a method to measure the quality.

According to the PMBOKGuide, a hybrid project is a project that uses a combination of predictive and adaptive (or agile) approaches to deliver the project objectives1. A hybrid project requires the project manager to balance the different needs and expectations of the stakeholders, as well as the different methods and practices of the project teams2.
In this scenario, the project manager is facing a challenge of managing a hybrid project, where the self-organizing teams are using an agile approach, but the steering committee is expecting a predictive approach. The project manager should apply the agile principle of delivering working software frequently, from a couple of weeks to a couple of months, with a preference to the shorter timescale3. This means that the project manager should suggest to the teams to limit the scope of work per iteration (or sprint) so that they can deliver more reliably and demonstrate value to the steering committee. This can also help improve the team's morale, as they can see their progress and achievements more clearly.
Option A is not the best answer because it does not address the root cause of why the teams are late in delivering their demos. Emphasizing the importance of deadlines and value may increase the pressure and stress on the teams, rather than motivate them. Option B is not the best answer because it does not provide a specific action or solution to the problem. Requesting to coach the team may be helpful, but it does not guarantee that the team will improve their performance or deliver on time. Option C is not the best answer because it does not align with the agile value of responding to change over following a plan4. Updating the project schedule with a buffer may create a false sense of security and encourage the team to procrastinate or delay their work further. References: 1 PMBOKGuide, 6th edition, page 192 PMBOKGuide, 6th edition, page 213 Agile Manifesto, Principle 34 Agile Manifesto, Value 4.

In a situation where a developer is delaying a critical path activity due to a lack of understanding of customer requirements, the project manager should facilitate communication to ensure clarification of the requirements.
This approach aligns with the best practices in project management and business analysis, which emphasize the importance of clear communication and understanding of stakeholder requirements for project success. By clarifying the requirements, the developer can gain a better understanding of what is expected and proceed with the coding activity, thus mitigating the delay on the critical path.
References:
* PMI's Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOKGuide) emphasizes the importance of stakeholder engagement and effective communication to ensure that project requirements are understood and met1.
* The PMI Professional in Business Analysis (PMI-PBA)highlights the role of communication in business analysis, including the need for clarity and the avoidance of misunderstandings23.
* Discussions among PMP professionals also suggest that once a root cause analysis is performed and the issue is identified, the next step is to address the issue directly, which in this case involves clarifying the requirements1.

Section: Closing
Explanation