The correct answer is B. focuses on what a subject does . The key difference between the VM Job Plan and many other problem-solving methods is its deliberate emphasis on function . In Value Methodology, the team does not begin by defending the existing design, component, process, or solution. Instead, it asks what the subject must do to satisfy the required need.
SAVE's Study Guide states that Value Methodology improves value through the analysis of functions and that Function Analysis is the activity that differentiates VM from other problem-solving or improvement practices. It also explains that functions describe the work being performed within the study scope using active verb and measurable noun pairings. ( ) Option A is incorrect because VM still requires adequate information during the Information Phase. Option C is incorrect because VM does not reduce analysis; it structures analysis through the Job Plan. Option D describes the scientific method more closely because hypothesis development and testing are central to scientific inquiry. The VM Job Plan is function-based: it defines, analyzes, creatively improves, evaluates, develops, and presents alternatives that better perform required functions. SAVE's VM Standard also confirms that Function Analysis defines project functions and identifies which functions require improvement, elimination, or creation. ( ) References/topics: Value Methodology and Job Plan; Function Analysis Phase; Function-Based Thinking; Active Verb/Measurable Noun; VM vs Scientific Method.

The correct answer is C. Position lenses . In FAST diagramming, functions are expressed in a disciplined active verb / measurable noun format, and the purpose of the diagram is to show how project, product, or process functions logically relate to each other. The SAVE certification study material identifies FAST as a graphical mapping tool that helps team members understand how functions relate, while preserving the basic function and analyzing supporting functions. ( ) An "all-the-time" function is a supporting or simultaneous function that must occur continuously while the product performs its basic function. FAST construction tests this by asking: when this function is being performed, what other function must also occur? This "when" relationship identifies functions that occur together, not necessarily functions timed by a clock.
For prescription eyeglasses, the lenses must be held in the correct optical position relative to the wearer's eyes at all times. Therefore, Position lenses is the best all-the-time function. Improve focus and Access vision describe higher-order or basic-path purposes, while Display information is not a normal function of prescription eyeglasses.
References/topics: Function Analysis Phase; FAST Diagramming; All-the-Time Functions; Basic and Secondary Functions; Function Logic.

The correct answers are A. Cost and D. Innovation . In the CVS/Value Methodology program-management context, a balanced scorecard is used to measure organizational or program performance from more than one viewpoint, rather than judging success only by a single financial result. The traditional balanced scorecard framework includes financial, customer, internal process, and innovation/learning perspectives. Kaplan and Norton's original balanced scorecard concept includes an innovation and learning perspective, which makes Innovation a direct match. ( Harvard Business Review ) Cost is also acceptable because it represents the financial perspective of the scorecard. Financial measures commonly include cost, profit, expense control, return, and other resource-based measures. ACCA explains the financial perspective as measuring traditional financial performance, including costs and related financial indicators. ( ACCA Global ) Design is incorrect because it is a technical or product-development activity, not a balanced scorecard perspective. Marketing is also incorrect because it may support customer strategy, but the actual scorecard perspective is normally called the customer perspective , not marketing. Therefore, the best two answers from the given options are Cost and Innovation .
References/topics: VM Programs; Balanced Scorecard; Financial/Cost Perspective; Innovation and Learning Perspective; Program Performance Measurement.

The correct phases are Function Analysis Phase and Creativity Phase . When participation time must be limited, the VM facilitator should protect the phases where multidisciplinary team contribution has the highest effect on value improvement. The Function Analysis Phase is central because the team defines project functions in active verb / measurable noun form and analyzes which functions need improvement, elimination, or creation to meet study goals. SAVE's Value Methodology Standard identifies this phase as the point where the team defines and analyzes functions, making it essential for shared understanding and correct problem framing. ( ) The Creativity Phase is also critical because the team uses creative techniques to identify alternative ways to perform the required functions. Diverse participation here improves idea quantity, prevents narrow technical thinking, and helps avoid premature commitment to existing solutions. The Implementation Phase occurs after proposal approval and is not normally the best place to require full participation from time-limited team members. The Presentation Phase communicates developed recommendations, but full participation by every limited-time team member is less essential than their contribution during function definition and idea generation.
References/topics: VM Facilitation; Team Participation Planning; Function Analysis Phase; Creativity Phase; Multidisciplinary Team Dynamics.

The correct answer is A. Describe the project . In the Information Phase , the client, project sponsor, designer, or owner representative provides the VM team with the factual background needed to understand the study subject. The SAVE Value Methodology Standard describes this phase as the point where the project sponsor and/or designer brief the value study team and allow the team to ask questions based on its data research. ( courses.washington.edu ) This briefing is essentially the client's role: to explain what the project is, why it exists, what conditions affect it, what constraints apply, and what information the VM team must understand before moving into Function Analysis. The client may describe project scope, objectives, operational needs, performance requirements, site conditions, budget concerns, schedule issues, and known limitations.
Option B , defining expectations, is more closely tied to study planning and sponsor alignment. Option C , explaining the process, is the facilitator's responsibility. Option D , defining the agenda, is also normally handled by the VM facilitator during preparation and workshop management.
References/topics: Information Phase; Client Briefing; Project Sponsor Role; Data Package; VM Job Plan.