The correct answers are A and D . Value Methodology is defined by SAVE International as a systematic process used by a multidisciplinary team to improve project value through the analysis of functions. Because the method intentionally brings together people from different technical, operational, cost, owner, user, and management perspectives, it naturally encourages multidisciplinary communication . The SAVE Study Guide also explains that function naming helps multidisciplinary teams build a shared understanding of project requirements, which supports clearer communication and better identification of value-improvement opportunities. ( ) The second correct answer is develops realistic budgets . VM evaluates required functions against resources such as materials, labor, price, time, and other cost drivers. This function/resource relationship helps teams understand what the project must accomplish and what resources are reasonably required. OMB's Value Engineering policy also describes VE as a management tool used to ensure realistic budgets , remove nonessential costs, and maintain acceptable quality. ( George W. Bush White House Archives ) Option C is incorrect because VM does not maintain paradigms; it challenges assumptions and existing approaches. Option B may occur as an indirect benefit, but it is not the stronger core answer for this two- response item.
References/topics: Value Methodology Definition; Multidisciplinary Team; Function/Resource Relationship; VM Job Plan; VM Programs.

The correct answer is B . Implementation is the post-presentation activity where accepted recommendations are converted into action. Although the six-phase workshop Job Plan ends with Presentation, SAVE's VM process recognizes post-workshop documentation and implementation activity as part of the broader value study process. The VM Standard's process flow shows pre-workshop, workshop, and post-workshop
/implementation activities.
Option A is incorrect because collecting user attitudes and study preparation occur before or during early study activities, not Implementation. Option C is wrong because Creativity generates alternatives, while Implementation executes approved proposals. Option D is wrong because unselected ideas are not automatically approved. At CVS level, Implementation requires ownership, assigned responsibilities, schedules, change management, technical follow-through, documentation, and confirmation of achieved value. A proposal has no realized value until it is adopted and executed. Weak VM programs often generate impressive workshop reports but fail during implementation because accountability, funding, decision authority, and tracking mechanisms are missing.
References/topics: Implementation Phase; Post-Workshop Activities; Value Realization.

The correct answers are A. Encourage participation by those affected by the change and D. Appoint an oversight committee . In the Implementation Phase, the approved VM proposal must be converted from an accepted recommendation into an actual organizational action. When the proposal requires organizational change, technical approval alone is not enough; successful implementation depends heavily on acceptance, ownership, coordination, and follow-through.
Encouraging participation by those affected by the change is essential because employees, managers, operators, and process owners who must live with the change often understand the practical barriers, workflow impacts, training needs, and resistance points. Their involvement improves buy-in and reduces implementation failure.
Appointing an oversight committee is also appropriate because organizational change normally crosses departments, responsibilities, and authority levels. Oversight provides governance, monitors progress, resolves conflicts, confirms accountability, and ensures the approved VM proposal remains aligned with the intended value improvement.
Option B is less suitable because an implementation plan should be clear and controlled, but not so rigid that it prevents adjustment during organizational transition. Option C is not required; a consultant may help in special cases, but it is not a primary VM implementation requirement.
References/topics: Implementation Phase; Change Adoption; Stakeholder Participation; Implementation Governance; VM Proposal Follow-Through.

The correct answer is D. ask questions of the quiet members . In a VM workshop, the facilitator must maintain balanced participation so the team benefits from the full range of technical, operational, customer, and stakeholder perspectives. A dominating participant can unintentionally suppress alternative viewpoints, reduce creativity, and weaken the quality of evaluation and consensus. The facilitator's response should therefore be corrective but professional, not punitive.
SAVE International guidance identifies the team leader's responsibilities as keeping the team focused, keeping team members involved in the discussion and work, keeping the team together, and acting as a catalyst while being diplomatic rather than dictatorial. ( ) Asking quiet members targeted, neutral questions directly supports these responsibilities because it redistributes participation without embarrassing the dominant person or disrupting team cohesion.
Option A is too extreme and damages trust. Option B worsens the imbalance by allowing quieter members to remain disengaged. Option C may distract the group but does not solve the participation problem. The best facilitation technique is to invite quieter members into the conversation through open-ended questions, round- robin input, or direct prompts tied to their expertise.
References/topics: VM Facilitation and Team Dynamics; Team Leader Responsibilities; Balanced Participation; Group Engagement; Workshop Control.

The correct answer is A. creative steps from analytical steps . The VM Job Plan is structured so the team does not mix information gathering, function analysis, idea generation, judgment, and proposal development into one uncontrolled discussion. SAVE guidance describes the Job Plan as the process that guides the study team in identifying and focusing on key project functions to create ideas that result in value improvement. ( ) This separation is important because the Creative Phase requires free idea generation without premature criticism, feasibility judgment, or cost filtering. The Evaluation Phase then applies analytical judgment to screen, rank, and select ideas with value potential. The Development Phase further analyzes selected alternatives through cost, performance, risk, and implementation considerations. SAVE's VM Standard also states that a qualifying value study follows an organized Job Plan with defined phases, including Function Analysis, Creative, Evaluation, Development, and Presentation. ( ) Option B is incorrect because designers may be part of the multidisciplinary VM team. Option C is incorrect because cost and function are intentionally related during VM analysis. Option D is incorrect because project needs and functions are also connected; functions express what must be done to satisfy needs.
References/topics: Value Methodology and Job Plan; Creative Phase; Evaluation Phase; Function Analysis; Analytical vs Creative Thinking.