Solution (Step by Step):
I). Install the AWS CLI: Download and install the AWS CLI from the official website ([https://aws.amazon.com/clif](https://www.google.com/url?
sa=E&source=gmail&q=https://aws.amazon.com/cli/)).
2. Verify the AWS CLI installation: Use the aws -version' command to check the version and ensure it is installed correctly.
3. Configure AWS credentials: Configure your AWS credentials using the saws configure' command.
4. Verify the EKS API server endpoint: Use the 'aws eks describe-cluster command to retrieve the API server endpoint for your EKS cluster_ Verity
that the endpoint matches the expected format and domain name for your region.
bash
aws ekS describe-cluster -name my-cluster -query "cluster. endpoint" -output text
5. Verify the authenticity of the EKS API server certificate: Retrieve the EKS API server certificate using the 'openssl s_client command and verity the certificate chain and issuer.
bash
openssl s_client -connect :443 /dev/null | openssl x509 -in - -text -noout
6. (Optional) Use the AWS CLI to further validate EKS components: You can use the AWS CLI to check the status and configuration of other EKS components, such as the control plane, worker nodes, and networking.

Solution (Step by Step) :
1. Install Cilium:
- Install Cilium on your Kubernetes cluster using the official installation guide: [httpsi//docs.Cilium.i0/ennatest/gettingstaned/install]
(https:Ildocs.cilium.io/en/latest/gettingsta ned/install).
- Choose the installation method compatible with your cluster.
2. Enable Encryption:
- Modify the Cilium configuration to enable encryption. In your cluster's configuration file (e.g., 'cilium-config.yaml'), add or modify the following settings:

- Apply the configuration changes: 'kubectl apply -f cilium-config_yamr 3. Create Network Policy tor Encryption: - Define a NetworkPolicy that allows only encrypted communication within your application's namespace:

- Apply the NetworkPolicy: 'kubectl apply -f pod-to-pod-encryption.yaml' 4. Expose the Application with Ingress: - Create an Ingress service to expose your application outside the cluster.

- Apply the Ingress: 'kubectl apply -f your-application-ingress-yaml' 5. Verify Configuration: - Check the status of Cilium pods and ensure they are running and ready_ - Use 'kubectl get pods -n kube-system' and 'kubectl get pods -n your-application-namespace' to monitor the status. 6. Test Communication: - Test communication between pods within your application's namespace to verify encrypted traffic. - Test accessing your application from outside the cluster using the Ingress URL. 7. (Optional) Monitor Encryptiom - Enable Cilium logging and monitoring to view encryption details, such as handshake success/failure rates, and troubleshoot any issues. Note: - This configuration assumes that your pods are running on nodes with Cilium installed. - Ensure that your public cloud provider supports the necessary firewall settings for encrypted traffic. - You can adjust the NetworkPolicy rules based on your specific application needs.

Solution (Step by Step) :
1. Create PodSecurityPolicy (PSP):
- Define a PodSecurityPolicy (PSP) YAML file. This file will restrict the Nginx pod's network access.
- For example, you could define a PSP that allows the Nginx pod to access ports 80 and 443 (HTTP and HTTPS) but restricts access to all other ports:

2. Apply the PSPI - Apply the PSP YAML file using 'kubectl apply -f nginx-psp.yaml' 3. Bind the PSP to the Nginx Pod: - Update the Nginx deployment or pod definition to include the 'securityContext' field with a reference to the created PSP:

4. Verify the psp: - Check that the Nginx pod is using the PSP by running 'kubectl describe pod ' . You should see the PSP name listed in the "Security Context" section. 5. Test Access: - Verity that the Nginx pod can access ports 80 and 443 but not other ports. You can use tools like 'telnet or 'nc' to test connectivity.

Solution (Step by Step) :
1. Choose a Vulnerability Scanner: Select a suitable vulnerability scanner that integrates with your on-premise container registry_ Some popular options include Anchoret Clair, and Trivy.
2. Integrate the Scanner: Configure the chosen scanner to access your on-premise container registry. This might involve providing credentials or setting up network access.
3. Configure Scanning Triggers: Set up triggers within your container registry or CI/CD pipeline that initiate a vulnerability scan whenever a new image is pushed to the registry.
4. Define Scan Policies: Establish scan policies that define the severity levels of vulnerabilities to be flagged and the actions to be taken (e.g., block deployment, send notifications).
5. Integrate with Kubernetes: Integrate the vulnerability scanner with your Kubernetes cluster. This might involve using a Kubemetes admission controller or writing custom scripts to prevent deployments with vulnerable images.
6. Test and Validate: Test the vulnerability scanning process by pushing a known vulnerable image to your registry and verifying that it is flagged and blocked from deployment.

Solution (Step by Step) :
1. Create a NetworkPolicy:
- Define a NetworkPolicy resource with a 'podSelector' that matches the 'database' Deployment.
- Create an 'ingress' rule that allows traffic from pods in the specified namespace.
- Use the 'from' field to specify the namespace and set the 'namespacesaector' to the desired namespace.
- Ensure that the port used by the database service is included in the 'ports' field.

2. Apply the NetworkPolicy: - Apply the YAML file using 'kubectl apply -f database-access-policy.yaml 3. Verify the NetworkPoIicy: - Use 'kubectl get networkpolicies' to list the available network policies. - Use 'kubectl describe networkpolicy database-access-policy' to view the details ot the applied policy. 4. Test the NetworkPolicy: - Deploy a pod in the 'allowed-namespace' and attempt to connect to the database service. Verify that the connection is successful. - Deploy a pod in a different namespace and attempt to connect to the database service. Verify that the connection is denied.